View, download, and print free resources for your science classroom.
Issue link: https://wardsworld.wardsci.com/i/1510338
+ ward ' s science Page 1 Fingerprint Identification Activity Recommended Grade Level(s): Appropriate for: Middle and High School Teaching Topics & Concepts: This mini-lesson connects to the whorld of forensic science, which involves using scientific methods to address legal matters, particularly when investigating crimes. Fingerprint identification is a crucial component of forensic science and involves ap- plying principles from biology, chemistry, physics, computer science, math, anatomy, and physiology. It uses a multidisciplinary approach to analyze and compare distinct ridge patterns and minutiae points for personal identification and forensic investiga- tion. Case closed! I. Key Concepts 1. Fingerprint Patterns 2. Minutiae Points 3. AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System): 4. Fingerprint Collection: 5. Individualization vs. Identification 1. Fingerprint Patterns Fingerprint identification begins with understanding the different patterns of fingerprint ridges, including arches, loops, and whorls. These patterns are unique to each individual and serve as the foundation of fingerprint analysis. 2. Minutiae Points Minutiae are the specific ridge characteristics that are used for precise fingerprint matching. These include ridge endings, bifurcations, and dots. The number and arrangement of minutiae points are essential for identifying and comparing fingerprints. 3. AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System) AFIS is a computerized database system used to store and search for fingerprints. It assists forensic experts in matching unknown fingerprints with a vast collection of known prints, speeding up the identification process. 4. Fingerprint Collection Proper fingerprint collection involves using specific techniques and materials, such as fingerprint ink, fingerprint cards, and fingerprint brushes, to obtain clear and accurate prints from individuals. 5. Individualization vs. Identification Fingerprint analysis does not aim to prove absolute uniqueness but rather individualization, which means that no two individuals have been found to have identical fingerprints. It is a highly reliable method for personal identification. Radial or Ulnar Plain Plain Double Loop Central Pocket Loop Accidental Tented Characterized by one or more free recurving friction ridges and one delta (When the hand from which the loop pattern originated is known, you may determine if the recurving ridges originate from the little finger side (ulnar loop) or the thumb side (radial loop). Characterized by one or more free recurving friction ridges and two points of delta. Characterized by friction ridges lying one above the other in a general arching formation. 1. Bifurcation The point at which one friction ridge divides into two friction ridges. 2. Enclosure A single friction ridge that bifurcates and rejoins after a short course and continues as a single friction ridge. 3. Ending Ridge A single friction ridge that terminates within the friction ridge structure. 4. Short Ridge A single friction ridge that only travels a short distance before terminating. 5. Ridge Dot An isolated ridge unit whose length approximates its width in size. 1 2 4 5 3 246-0303 Fingerprint Classification Chart + ward ' s science Patterns Loops Ridge Characteristics Arches Whorls ©2022 Ward's Science All Rights Reserved • wardsci.com