4
diabetes have surged, especially in children. A new concept
of obesity focuses more on the proper functioning of appetite
and less on the conscious control of energy consumption.
Refined carbohydrates, especially in the form of sugars in soft
drinks, seem to stimulate abnormal appetite and other obesity-
related ills. Whole-food sources of fat, including nuts, avocados,
and fish, appear beneficial for controlling not only obesity, but
also heart disease, diabetes, and other modern disorders. The
benefits of whole-food sources of carbohydrate and fat are
likely highly complex, involving the chemical natures of the
carbohydrate and fat, the rate of absorption, broad nutrient
contents, and possibly flavors and other phytochemicals that
act as appetite suppressants. In general, modern dietary guide-
lines emphasize increased consumption of whole grains, fruits,
vegetables, and nuts, and decreased consumption of refined
carbohydrates, solid fats, and partially hydrogenated fats.
Nutrition (continued)
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