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Blood: Test Your Understanding
Teacher's Guide
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ward
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science
What are the major differences between white blood cells and red blood cells in mammalian blood?
In mammals, red blood cells lack a nucleus and are present in far greater numbers than white blood
cells. Red blood cells function principally in oxygen transport. The different types of white blood cells
are nucleated, with characteristically shaped nuclei, and polysomes are visible. White blood cells
function in providing immunity (for example, via antibody production).
What are the functions of plasma proteins?
Complement proteins and immunoglobulins have roles in immunity. Lipoproteins transport lipids,
such as cholesterol, and metal ion transport proteins transport metal ions such as iron and copper.
Albumin transports both ions and organic molecules.
What are five major functions of blood in the human body?
(1) Blood transports oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the cells of the body. (2) Blood
carries wastes from other tissues to the kidney. (3) The regulation of blood pressure and of blood
ion concentrations helps to maintain fluid homeostasis in the body. (4) White blood cells function in
immunity. (5) Components of the blood enable clotting to prevent excess blood loss, which helps to
preserve its functions after injuries.
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