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Ward's+Working with Daphnia Guide

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Page 2 Daphnia Form and Structure *See illustrations of "summer eggs," which develop partheno- genically, and "winter eggs," which develop after being fertil- ized. Winter eggs have a thick shell and are produced in smaller numbers; the brood chamber is molted to form a protective ephippium. Diagrammatic Representation of Position of "Summer Eggs" 31. "Summer eggs" Diagrammatic Representation of Ephippium and Position of "Winter Eggs" 32. "Winter eggs" 33. Ephippium Diagrammatic Anatomy of a Female Daphnia 1. Frontal organ 2. Esophagus 3. Antennal adductor muscles 4. Antenna 5. Antennal levator muscle 6. Heart 7. Ovary 8. Blood Chamber 9. Thin-shelled "summer eggs"* 10. Abdominal process 11. Apical spine 12. Post abdomen 13. Post abdominal claw (paired) 14. Anus 15. Rectum 16. Carapace 17. Filter setae 18. 2nd and 3rd thoracic appendages 19. Shell gland 20. Maxillae (vestigial) 21. Mandible 22. Mouth 23. Labrum 24. Antennule 25. Rostrum 26. Hepatic cecae 27. Ocellus or nauplius eye 28. Optic ganglion 29. Compound eye with optic nerve 30. Nuchal or neck organ

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